Found footage (film technique) (2024)

Not to be confused with Found footage (appropriation)

Template:HorrorfilmlistFound footage is a cinematic technique in which all or a substantial part of the work is presented as if it were film or video recordings recorded by characters in the story, and later "found" and presented to the audience. The events on screen are typically seen through the camera of one or more of the characters involved, often accompanied by their real-time, off-camera commentary. For added realism, the cinematography may be done by the actors themselves as they perform, and shaky camera work and naturalistic acting are routinely employed. The footage may be presented as if it were "raw" and complete or as if it had been edited into a narrative by those who "found" it.

The most common use of the technique is in horror films, such as The Blair Witch Project, Cannibal Holocaust, Paranormal Activity, Diary of the Dead, Rec, Cloverfield, Trollhunter, V/H/S, and Incantation, in which the footage is purported to be the only surviving record of the events, with the participants now missing or dead. It has also been used in science fiction (e.g., Chronicle, District 9, Project Almanac, Europa Report), drama (e.g., Zero Day, Exhibit A), comedy (e.g., Project X), mystery (e.g., Searching), family (e.g., Earth to Echo), experimental arthouse (e.g., The Connection, The Outwaters, Masking Threshold), and war films (e.g., 84C MoPic).

Although found footage was originally the name of an entirely different genre, it is now frequently used to describe pseudo-documentaries crafted with this narrative technique (e.g. Lake Mungo, Noroi: The Curse) and screenlife films (e.g. Unfriended, Searching). The film magazine Variety has, for example, used the term "faux found-footage film" to describe some titles. Film scholar David Bordwell criticizes this recent usage, arguing that it sows confusion, and instead prefers the term "discovered footage" for the narrative gimmick.[1]

Contents

  • 1 Characteristics
  • 2 History
  • 3 Examples
    • 3.1 Films
    • 3.2 TV series, made-for-TV specials and TV episodes
    • 3.3 Music videos
    • 3.4 Web series
  • 4 See also
  • 5 Notes
  • 6 References
  • 7 External links

Characteristics[]

Found-footage films typically employ one or more of six cinematic techniquesfirst-person perspective, pseudo-documentary, mockumentary, news footage, surveillance footage, or screenlife —according to an analysis of 500 found-footage films conducted by Found Footage Critic.[2]

History[]

As a storytelling technique, found footage has precedents in literature, particularly in the epistolary novel, which typically consists of either correspondence or diary entries, purportedly written by a character central to the events. Like found footage, the epistolary technique has often been employed in horror fiction: both Dracula and Frankenstein are epistolary novels, as is The Call of Cthulhu by H. P. Lovecraft.

File:Ruggero Deodato 2008.jpg

In filmmaking, the 1980 cult horror feature Cannibal Holocaust is often claimed to be the first example of found footage.[3] However, Shirley Clarke's arthouse film The Connection (1961) and the Orson Welles directed The Other Side of the Wind, a found footage movie shot in the early 1970s but released in 2018, predate Cannibal Holocaust.[4] America's Deadliest Home Video (1991), remains a potent use of the format as well as an unsung groundbreaker in the found-footage field - an ahead-of-its-time application of the vérité-video form to the horror/crime genre.[5] The device was popularised by The Blair Witch Project (1999).[6] Found footage has since been used in other commercially successful films, including Paranormal Activity (2007), REC (2007), Cloverfield (2008) and Chronicle (2012).[7] Reviewing V/H/S for The A.V. Club, Scott Tobias notes that the genre "has since become to the '00s and '10s what slasher movies were to the '80s."[8]

The genre appeals to film producers because of its lower cost, as it is believed the illusion of amateur documentary style allows lower production values than would be accepted on a conventional film.

Writer-director Christopher B. Landon, who has made several found footage horror films, posits that the genre is likely to extend in the future outside horror.[9]

Examples[]

Found footage (film technique) (1)

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Films[]

Template:Main list

The following entries are notable films in the found footage genre, though some were only partially made in that style.

TitleRelease yearDirector(s)Production companyPage Template:Tooltip/styles.css has no content.Ref(s)
The Connection1961Shirley ClarkeThe Connection Company
Coming Apart1969Milton Moses GinsbergKaleidoscope Films
Cannibal Holocaust1980Ruggero DeodatoF.D. Cinematografica
Special Bulletin1983Edward ZwickOhlmeyer Communications Company
Guinea Pig: Devil's Experiment1985Satoru OguraSai Enterprise
UFO Abduction1989Dean AliotoIndieSyndicate Productions
84C MoPic1989Patrick Sheane DuncanNew Century Vista Film Company
America's Deadliest Home Video1991Jack PerezRandum Film Group
Man Bites Dog1993Rémy Belvaux
André Bonzel
Benoît Poelvoorde
Les Artistes Anonymes
Forgotten Silver1995Peter JacksonWingNut Films
Little Sister1995Robert Jan WestdijkGrote Broer Filmwerken CV
Alien Abduction: Incident in Lake County1998Dean AliotoDick Clark Productions
The Last Broadcast1998Stefan Avalos
Lance Weiler
FFM Productions
The Blair Witch Project1999Daniel Myrick
Eduardo Sánchez
Haxan Films
The St. Francisville Experiment2000Ted NicolaouThe Kushner-Locke Company
Gang Tapes2001Adam RippLionsgate
August Underground2001Fred VogelAbsu Films
Toetag Pictures
The Collingswood Story2002Mike CostanzaCinerebel Media
August Underground's Mordum2003Fred Vogel
Killjoy
Cristie Whiles
Jerami Cruise
Michael T. Schneider
Toetag Pictures
The Great American Snuff Film2003Sean TrettaOminous Productions
The Last Horror Movie2003Julian RichardsProlific Films
Snakehair Productions
Zero Day2003Ben CoccioProfessor Bright Films
Incident at Loch Ness2004Zak PennEden Rock Media
September Tapes2004Christian JohnstonComplex Films
Raz Productions
Raz Entertainment
Persistent Entertainment
Noroi: The Curse2005Kōji ShiraishiXanadeux Company
Alone with Her2006Eric NicholasPin Hole Productions LLC
The Weinstein Company
The Zombie Diaries2006Kevin Gates
Michael Bartlett
Off World Films
Bleeding Edge Films
State's Evidence2006Benjamin LouisTerra Entertainment
The Hunt2007Fritz KierschGraymark Productions
Azisa Pictures
Welcome to the Jungle2007Jonathan HensleighSteelbridge Film Works
Bauer Martinez Studios
Valhalla Motion Pictures
The Poughkeepsie Tapes2007John Erick DowdleBrothers Dowdle Productions
Poughkeepsie Films
August Underground's Penance2007Fred VogelToetag Pictures
Redacted2007Brian De PalmaMagnolia Pictures
Long Pigs2007Chris PowerClowns After Midnight Productions
Jordan Entertainment
Chris Bridges Effects Studio
Head Case2007Anthony SpadacciniFleet Street Films
B.P.A. Productions Group, Inc.
Exhibit A2007Dom RotheroeWarp Films
Paranormal Activity2007Oren PeliBlumhouse Productions
Death of a Ghost Hunter2007Sean TrettaOminous Productions
Live!2007Bill GuttentagAtlas Entertainment
Rec2007Jaume Balagueró
Paco Plaza
Castelao Producciones
Filmax
Look2007Adam RifkinCaptured Films
Monster2008Erik EstenbergThe Asylum
Cloverfield2008Matt ReevesBad Robot
Diary of the Dead2008George A. RomeroArtfire Films
Romero-Grunwald Productions
Lake Mungo2008Joel AndersonScreen Australia
Home Movie2008Christopher DenhamModernciné
Bryan Loves You2008Seth LandauSeth Landau
Quarantine2008John Erick DowdleVertigo Entertainment
Andale Pictures
Filmax Entertainment
No Through Road2009Steven Chamberlain[10][11]
Occult2009Kōji ShiraishiImage Rings
Creative Axa Company Ltd.
Evil Things2009Dominic PerezGo Show Media
District 92009Neill BlomkampQED International
WingNut Films
The Ritual2009Anthony SpadacciniFleet Street Films
B.P.A. Productions Group, Inc.
Trash Humpers2009Harmony KorineAlcove Entertainment
Warp Films
O' Salvation
Rec 22009Jaume Balagueró
Paco Plaza
Castelao Producciones
Filmax
Murder Collection V.12009Fred VogelToetag Pictures[12]
Paranormal Entity2009Shane Van DykeThe Asylum
Bachiatari Bōryoku Ningen2010Kōji ShiraishiCreative AXA
Lunopolis2010Matthew AvantMedia Savant
Love Sex aur Dhokha2010Dibakar BanerjeeFreshwater Films
Eyes in the Dark2010Bjorn AndersonEmerald City Pictures
Hotel Hollywood2010Param GillG S Productions
Shirome2010Kōji ShiraishiStardust Promotion
Shirome Project Partners
The Last Exorcism2010Daniel StammStrike Entertainment
StudioCanal
Arcade Pictures
Undocumented2010Chris PeckoverSheperd Glen Productions
The Virginity Hit2010Huck Botko & Andrew GurlandGary Sanchez Productions
8213: Gacy House2010Anthony FankhauserThe Asylum
Atrocious2010Fernando Barreda LunaNabu Films
Silencio Rodamos
Programa Ibermedia
Paranormal Activity 22010Tod WilliamsBlumhouse Productions
Trollhunter2010André ØvredalFilmkameratene A/S
Film Fund FUZZ
Unaware2010Sean Bardin
Robert Cooley
Cooley Productions
Paranormal Activity 2: Tokyo Night2010Toshikazu NagaePresidio Corporation
Anneliese: The Exorcist Tapes2011Jude Gerard PrestThe Asylum
Doc. 332011Giacomo GabrielliFilmart Pictures
Giacomo Gabrielli Films
The Tunnel2011Carlo LedesmaDLSHS Film
Distracted Media
Zapruder's Other Films
Megan Is Missing2011Michael GoiTrio Pictures
Grave Encounters2011The Vicious BrothersTwin Engine Films
World of the Dead: The Zombie Diaries 22011Kevin Gates
Michael Bartlett
Off World Films
Bleeding Edge Films
Straightwire Films
Hollow2011Michael AxelgaardHollow Pictures
Tribeca Film
Untitled2011Shaun TrokeShaunywa Films
Apollo 182011Gonzalo López-GallegoBazelevs
The Tapes2011Scott Bates
Lee Alliston
Darkside Pictures
Pure Film Productions
Paranormal Activity 32011Henry Joost
Ariel Schulman
Blumhouse
The Amityville Haunting2011Geoff MeedThe Asylum
Taut Productions
Chō Akunin2011Kōji ShiraishiTokyo Raiders
The Devil Inside2012William Brent BellInsurge Pictures
V/H/S2012Ti West
Joe Swanberg
David Buckner
Adam Wingard
Glenn McQuaid
Radio Silence Productions
The Collective
Bloody Disgusting
Chronicle2012Josh TrankDavis Entertainment
Project X2012Nima NourizadehSilver Pictures
Green Hat Films
Evidence2012Howie AskinsRynoRyder Productions
Hate Crime2012James Cullen BressackPsykik Junky Pictures
Apartment 1432012Carles TorrensWerc Werk Works
Kasdan Pictures
Likely Story
100 Ghost Street: The Return of Richard Speck2012Martin AndersonThe Asylum
The Dinosaur Project2012Sid BennettMoonlighting Films
Shopping Tour2012Michael BrashinskyDuty-Free Productions[13]
A Night in the Woods2012Richard ParryVertigo Films
End of Watch2012David AyerStudioCanal
The Conspiracy2012Christopher MacBrideResolute Films and Entertainment
Grave Encounters 22012John PoliquinArclight Films
Paranormal Activity 42012Henry Joost
Ariel Schulman
Room 101
The Bay2012Barry LevinsonLionsgate
A Haunted House2013Michael TiddesOpen Road Films
The Upper Footage2013Justin Cole
Dabbe: Curse of the Jinn2013Hasan KaracadağHasan Karacadağ
Devil's Pass2013Renny HarlinAldamisa Entertainment
Non-Stop Productions
Midnight Sun Pictures
K. Jam Media
The Frankenstein Theory2013Andrew WeinerRocket
Inner Station
Therapy Content
Arctic Film Group
Cult2013Kōji Shiraishi
Willow Creek2013Bobcat GoldthwaitJerkschool Productions
V/H/S/22013Simon Barrett
Jason Eisener
Gareth Evans
Gregg Hale
Eduardo Sánchez
Timo Tjahjanto
Adam Wingard
The Collective
Bloody Disgusting
8383 Productions
Snoot Entertainment
Haxan Films
Yer Dead Productions
Europa Report2013Sebastián CorderoWayfare Entertainment Ventures
The Borderlands2013Elliot GoldnerMetrodome Distribution
The Paranormal Diaries: Clophill2013Kevin Gates
Michael Bartlett
Second Sight Films
Head Cases: Serial Killers in the Delaware Valley2013Anthony SpadacciniFleet Street Films
B.P.A. Productions Group, Inc.
The Dirties2013Matt JohnsonSModcast Pictures
Frankenstein's Army2013Richard RaaphorstDark Sky Films
Pellicola
XYZ Films
Sx Tape2013Bernard RoseAeroplano
La.Lune Entertainment
Hooked Up2013Pablo LarcuenUncork'd Entertainment
WNUF Halloween Special2013Chris LaMartina
James Branscome
Shawn Jones
Scott Maccubbin
Lonnie Martin
Matthew Menter
Andy Schoeb
Midnight Crew Studios
Skinwalker Ranch2013Devin McGinn
Steve Berg
DeepStudios
6-5=22013KS AshokaSwarnalatha Production[14]
Best Night Ever2013Jason Friedberg and Aaron SeltzerMagnet Releasing
Paranormal Activity: The Marked Ones2014Christopher LandonParamount Pictures
Devil's Due2014Matt Bettinelli-Olpin
Tyler Gillett
Davis Entertainment
Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation
Black Water Vampire2014Evan TramelBWV Productions
Ruthless Pictures
Exists2014Eduardo SánchezLionsgate
Haxan Films
Court Five
Open Windows2014Nacho VigalondoAntena 3 Films
Apaches Entertainment
Spiderwood Studios
Wild Bunch
SpectreVision
The Den2014Zachary DonohueCliffbrook Films
Onset Films
Afflicted2014Derek Lee
Clif Prowse
Automatik Entertainment
Téléfilm Canada
Babysitting2014Nicolas Benamou
Philippe Lacheau
Axel Films
Madame Films
Cinéfrance 1888
Good Lap Production
A Haunted House 22014Michael TiddesIM Global Octane
Wayans Bros. Entertainment
Baby Way Productions
The Sacrament2014Ti WestWorldview Entertainment
Arcade Pictures
Alien Abduction2014Matty BeckermanExclusive Media Group
Big Picture
Next Entertainment
Lawrence Bender Productions
Mob Scene Creative Productions
Inner Demons2014Seth GrossmanSchorr Pictures
Earth to Echo2014Dave GreenRelativity Media
Into the Storm2014Steven QualeNew Line Cinema
Village Roadshow Pictures
The Possession of Michael King2014David JungGold Circle Films
Quickfire Films
As Above, So Below2014John Erick DowdleUniversal Pictures
Legendary Pictures
The Hunted2014Josh StewartFortress Features
Allegheny Image Factory
Gore, Quebec2014Jean Benoit LauzonGreen Lake Films[15]
The Taking of Deborah Logan2014Adam RobitelEagle Films
Millennium Entertainment
Hangar 102014Daniel SimpsonNewscope Films
V/H/S: Viral2014Nacho Vigalondo
Marcel Sarmiento
Gregg Bishop
Justin Benson
Todd Lincoln
Bloody Disgusting
The Collective
Haxan Films
The Pyramid2014Grégory LevasseurTwentieth Century Fox Film Corporation
The Atticus Institute2015Chris SparlingSND Groupe M6
Project Almanac2015Dean IsraeliteInsurge Pictures
Platinum Dunes
MTV Films
Creep2015Patrick BriceBlumhouse Productions
Nightlight2015Scott Beck, Bryan WoodsHerrick Entertainment[16]
The Final Project2015Taylor Ri'chardCavu Pictures[17]
Unfriended2015Levan GabriadzeUniversal Studios
Blumhouse Productions
Area 512015Oren PeliParamount Pictures
The Phoenix Incident2015Keith AremPCB Productions
The Cutting Room2015Warren DudleyItchy Fish Film
The Gallows2015Travis Cluff, Chris LofingNew Line Cinema
Blumhouse Productions
Management 360
Tremendum Pictures
JeruZalem2015Doron Paz
Yoav Paz
Universal Pictures
The Visit2015M. Night ShyamalanBlinding Edge Pictures
Blumhouse Productions
Universal Pictures
Hell House LLC2015Stephen CognettiCognetti Films
Paranormal Activity: The Ghost Dimension2015Gregory PlotkinParamount Pictures
Unlisted Owner2016Jed BrianLawford County Productions
Aksbandh2016Emran HussainCinematic Media
Population Zero2016Adam LevinsA71 Entertainment
Operation Avalanche2016Matt JohnsonVice Films
Blair Witch2016Adam WingardLionsgate Pictures
Be My Cat: A Film for Anne2016Adrian ȚofeiAdrian Țofei
The Lost Case2017Chayan ItthijatupornKantana Group
The Dark Tapes2017Michael McQuownEpic Pictures Group
Phoenix Forgotten2017Justin BarberCinelou Films
Scott Free Productions
#FromJennifer2017Frank MerleLone Morsel Productions
Found Footage 3D2017Steven DeGennaroThe Ubiquitous Studio 42
Creep 22017Patrick BriceBlumhouse Productions
Netflix
One Cut of the Dead2017Shin'ichirō UedaEnbu Seminar
Unfriended: Dark Web2018Stephen SuscoBH Productions
Universal Studios
Gonjiam: Haunted Asylum2018Jung Bum-shikHive Mediacorp
The Devil's Doorway2018Aislinn Clarke23ten
The Other Side of the Wind2018Orson WellesRoyal Road Entertainment
Searching2018Aneesh ChagantyBazelevs Company
Screen Gems
Stage 6 Films
Insanity2020Miska KajanusPiilo Productions
Black Lion Pictures
[18]
Hacksaw2020Anthony LeoneLeone Films
Host2020Rob SavageShadowhouse Films
Shudder
Spree2020Eugene KotlyarenkoRLJE Films
Scary Stories: Dark Web2020Bryan RenaudRandom Acts
The Widow2020Ivan MininQS Films
The Medium2021Banjong PisanthanakunGDH 559
Showbox
Vazhiye2021Nirmal Baby VargheseCasablanca Film Factory
Fresh Hell2021Ryan Imhoff
Matt Neal
Purr Boy Productions
V/H/S/942021Jennifer Reeder
Chloe Okuno
Simon Barrett
Timo Tjahjanto
Ryan Prows
Radio Silence Productions
Bloody Disgusting Films
Shudder Original Films
Cinepocalypse Productions
Studio71
Raven Banner Entertainment
Dwellers2021Drew FortierEllefson Films
Paranormal Activity: Next of Kin2021William EubankParamount Pictures
Dashcam2021Rob SavageBlumhouse Productions
Masking Threshold2021Johannes GrenzfurthnerMonochrom
Incantation2022Kevin Ko
The Outwaters2022Robbie Banfitch5100 Films
Fathom Film Company
[19][20]
LOLA2022Andrew LeggeCowtown Pictures
Everybody Dies by the End2022Ian Tripp
Ryan Schafer
Children of Celluoid
Deadstream2022Joseph HunterWinterspectre Entertainment
Cook Filmworks
Stonehaven Entertainment
V/H/S/992022Johannes Roberts
Vanessa & Joseph Winter
Maggie Levin
Tyler MacIntyre
Flying Lotus
Bloody Disgusting
Soapbox Films
Cinepocalypse Productions
Radio Silence Productions
Studio71
Shudder Original Films
Blue Hour: The Disappearance of Nick Brandreth2023Dan BowhersGlass House Distribution
V/H/S/852023David Bruckner
Scott Derrickson
Gigi Saul Guerrero
Natasha Kermani
Mike P. Nelson
Bloody Disgusting
Cinepocalypse Productions
Radio Silence Productions
Studio71
Shudder Original Films
Razzennest2022Johannes GrenzfurthnerMonochrom
Invoking Yell2023Patricio ValladaresWelcome Villain
Missing2023Will Merrick
Nick Johnson
Stage 6 Films
Screen Gems
Bazelevs Company
Search Party Productions
Hostile Dimensions2023Graham HughesEnlightened Monster
Solvent2024Johannes GrenzfurthnerMonochrom
V/H/S/Beyond2024Jordan Downey
Christian Long
Justin Long
Justin Martinez
Virat Pal
Kate Siegel
Jay Cheel
Bloody Disgusting
Cinepocalypse Productions
Radio Silence Productions
Studio71
Shudder Original Films

TV series, made-for-TV specials and TV episodes[]

  • Alternative 3 (1977)
  • Alien Autopsy: (Fact or Fiction?) (1995)
  • Alien Abduction: Incident in Lake County (1998)– UPN aired a 60-minute version with more interviews
  • Godzilla: The Series, episode: "S.C.A.L.E." (2000). Though animated, the episode has no background music and alternates between footage from various security cameras.
  • Jeopardy (2002) (BBC series)
  • Ed, Edd n Eddy, episode: "An Ed is Born". In this episode where Eddy decides to make a home movie of himself to show his brother how 'grown up' he has become by using Ed's video camera. (2002)[note 1]
  • The Comeback (2003) (series)
  • Flag (2006)
  • Lost Tapes (2008–2010) (series)
  • Marble Hornets (2009–2014) (YouTube series)
  • The River (2012) (series)
  • The Simpsons, episode: Treehouse of Horror XXIII (2012). The 2nd segment "Unnormal Activity" is a parody of the Paranormal Activity franchise.
  • Ultimate Spider-Man, episode: "Exclusive" (2012)[note 1]
  • Lassie Jerky, an episode of Psych that was partially filmed as found footage (2013)
  • Sleep No More, the ninth episode of Doctor Who Series 9 (2015)
  • American Horror Story: Roanoke (2016) (FX series)
  • Steven Universe, episode: "The Big Show" (2018)[note 1]
  • Inside No. 9, episode: "Cold Comfort". A story about a call centre, told through the CCTV camera. (2018)
  • Clarence, episode: "Clarence The Movie" (2018)[note 1]
  • Succession: Main title theme (2018–2023) (HBO series)

Music videos[]

  • "Drag the Waters" by Pantera (1996)
  • "Babalon A.D." by Cradle of Filth (2003)
  • "Decency Defied" by Cannibal Corpse (2004)
  • "Walk with Me in Hell" by Lamb of God (2006)
  • "Dull Boy" by Mudvayne (2007)
  • "Beauty and a Beat" by Justin Bieber ft. Nicki Minaj (2012)
  • "I Need Your Love" by Calvin Harris ft. Ellie Goulding (2012)
  • "Run on Love" by Tove Lo ft. Lucas Nord (2013)
  • "One Last Time" by Ariana Grande (2015)
  • "Photograph" by Ed Sheeran (2015)
  • "Run Away with Me" by Carly Rae Jepsen (2015)
  • "All Night" by The Vamps (2016)
  • "All We Know" by The Chainsmokers ft. Phoebe Ryan (2016)
  • "Galway Girl" by Ed Sheeran (2017)
  • "What Lovers Do" (Lyric Video) by Maroon 5 ft. SZA (2017)
  • "Christmas Tree Farm" by Taylor Swift (2019)
  • "Nobody's Love" by Maroon 5 (2020)
  • "Glimpse of Us" by Joji (2022)

Web series[]

  • Backrooms (2022–present)
  • Ben Drowned (2010–2012; 2020)
  • Local 58 (2015–present)
  • Petscop (2017–2019)
  • No Through Road (2009–2012)
  • Marble Hornets (2009–2014)
  • The Mandela Catalogue (2021–present)
  • Gemini Home Entertainment (2019–present)

See also[]

  • Analog horror
  • Cinéma vérité
  • Epistolary novel
  • Fictional book
  • Hoax
  • Mockumentary
  • Pseudo-documentary
  • Screenlife

Notes[]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Though the episode was animated, it is done in the style of found footage.

References[]

  1. Bordwell, David (13 November 2012). Return to Paranormalcy. davidbordwell.net.
  2. Found Footage Film Genre– Found Footage Critic (en-US). Found Footage Critic [Michael Steinberg].
  3. Visual Trends: A History of the Found Footage Genre. Videomaker (26 June 2012).
  4. McBride, Joseph (2017-03-17). Before the Beginning and After the End: An Insider's Look at the Saga of 'The Other Side of the Wind' (en-US).
  5. Editorial: DVD Review: America's Deadliest HomeVideo - Fangoria
  6. From 'Blair Witch' to 'Project Almanac': A history of the found footage genre.
  7. Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Editorial: An Apologist's Rant: In Defense of Found Footage". Dread Central. Retrieved 2012-04-27.
  8. V/H/S (4 October 2012).
  9. Christopher Landon interview.
  10. Peters, Lucia (November 16, 2020). The Weird Part Of YouTube: The Making Of "No Through Road" And The Power Of Unanswered Questions.
  11. Kok, Nestor (March 18, 2022). Ghosts in the Machine: Trick-Editing, Time Loops, and Terror in "No Through Road".
  12. Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Alexandra Heller-Nicholas (2014). Found Footage Horror Films: Fear and the Appearance of Reality. McFarland & Company. p.194. ISBN978-0-7864-7077-8. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  13. Lê, Paul (10 August 2021). Cannibals and Midsummer in Russian-Finnish Found Footage Movie 'Shopping Tour' [Horrors Elsewhere]. Bloody Disgusting.
  14. 6-5=27.140 personen vinden dit leuk · 544 praten hierover. 6-5=2. Facebook.
  15. Brownridge, William (13 November 2014). Review: Gore, Quebec. Toronto Film Scene.
  16. Nightlight Trailer Flickers On – Dread Central (17 February 2015).
  17. Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Fuelier, Herman (2015-04-15). "Church Point native directs horror film in local setting". The Daily Advertiser. Retrieved 2016-02-20.
  18. Vihanpidot (fi). Finnkino. Retrieved on July 18, 2022.
  19. Ramachandran, Naman (September 26, 2022). Cinedigm Takes North American Rights to Found Footage Horror 'The Outwaters' (Exclusive).
  20. Detwiler, Grace (February 1, 2023). Movie Review: Cosmic Horror and Found-Footage Collide in "The Outwaters".

External links[]

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